Artificial fuel and process of making the same.



UNITE I STATES PATENT @FI ICE.

ARTIFICIAL FUEL AND PROCESS OF MAKING THE SAME.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April-2,1907.

Application filed December 8. 1905. Serial No. 291,003.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOSEPHINE A. HER- BEIN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Seattle, in the county of King and State ofWVashington, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inArtificial Fuel and Processes of Making the Same, of which the followingis a specification.

The object of this invention is the production of an artificial fuelhaving a high degree of heating efficiency and Which can be compoundedat a moderate cost and in large quantities to furnish a new article ofmanufacture and commerce and one which is distinguished by an almosttotal absence of smoke and ash residue.

My invention consists in the novel employment and combination of varioussubstances and in their conversion into a fuel by an economical process.

In carrying out my invention I first heat petroleum in a vessel and thenadd resin to be dissolved therein, then reduce the temperature of thismixture, whereupon alkali dissolved in water is added and thoroughlymixed with the aforesaid ingredients, and then boil the mixture until apartial saponification ensues. This material is further saponified byadding dried peat at such a high temperature, affecting the mass throughthe vegetable acid present in the peat to a violent ebullition, which iscontinued until the peat has become charged with the compound. Therelative quantities of these several ingredients will be pro ortioned totheir respective qualities and a so to the desired character of theproduct. For example, a good grade of fuel contains thirty per cent. ofcrude petroleum, one per cent. of lime or its equivalent, one per cent.of resin or fatty acid, ten per cent. of coal-dust or its equivalent,and fifty-eight per cent. of dried peat.

IVhile the above-stated formula produces an exceptionally good fuel,having high value in thermal units, good commercial fuel may be made ofthe aforesaid substances without the coal-dust, yet this contributesmaterially to improvement in the combustibility and heating qualities ofthe product. To mold into briq uets, the said compound is admixed withcelluloses, saccharoses, or glucoses of the carbohydrate group and waterin the form of vapor or liquid. The product is then compressed in heatedor cold molds to form briquets, which may be further hardened by beingsubjected to the action of heat, which fuses their exposed surfaces orcase-hardens them, and they may be made waterproof by being immersed inor sprayed with a liquefied pitc IVhat I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. The process of making artificial fuel, which consists, first, inheating petroleum, second dissolving resin therein, third, ad ding analkali in a watery solution, fourth, boiling the aforesaid mixture untilpartial saponification is produced, fifth, adding dried peat, sixth,adding saccharoses and lime to produce an impure saccharate of lime,seventh, pressing the mass into briquets, and eighth, subjecting thebriquets to the action of heat.

2. The process of mak ng artificial fuel, which consists, first,in'heating petroleum, second, dissolving resin in the heated petroleum,third, adding an alkali in a watery solution, fourth, boiling thismixture until partial saponification occurs, fifth, charging dried peatwith the partiallysaponified petroleum, sixth, adding a lignaceousmaterial, seventh, adding lime and water, eighth, adding dextrin andsugar to form with the previously-supplied lime impure saccharate oflime, ninth, ressing the mass into briquets, and, tent 1, subjecting thebriquets to the action of heat.

3. The process of making artificial fuel, which consists, first inheating oil, second, dissolving resin in the hot oil, third, adding analkali, fourth, adding dried peat, fifth, adding lime, sixth, addingwater, seventh, adding saccharine material to form with thepreviously-supplied lime an impure saccharate of lime when the mass issubjected to heat and pressure.

4. An artificial fuel consisting of petroleum, and resin, the additionto this mixture of an alkali and water which under the action of heateffects a partial saponification, dried peat, then by the addition oflime with water and carbohydrates when subjected to pressure accompaniedby heat in forming the mass into briquets transforms the last-namedingredients into an impure saccharate of lime to serve as a binder.

5. An artificial fuel consisting of petroleum, and resin, the additionto the mixture of an alkali and Water, dried peat, lime and a dextrin,which being subjected to pressure and heat in manufacturing the massinto briquets, transforms the last-named ingredients, with the impurityof saccharine to material present in said deXtrin, into an impuresac'charate of lime for a binder.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPHINE A. HERBEIN. Witnesses:

PIERRE BARNES, D. H. KIRK.

